Digital Twin — Li-ion Battery Packs

Problem

A battery pack cannot be understood only through voltage; internal state, degradation and temperature need to be visible.

Solution

A digital twin combining equivalent-circuit modelling, state estimation, degradation indicators and thermal behaviour.

Build path

1. Implement the Thevenin 2RC representation.
2. Estimate SOC and track health indicators.
3. Add thermal behaviour.
4. Expose scenarios through a lightweight interface.

Discussion

The value is inspection: comparing scenarios and making battery behaviour easier to explain.